AC-DC Power Supply 1 ( Block Diagram)

 

THEORETICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM

So the basic purpose of a power supply is to convert and AC signal to DC Signal. The block diagram of the power supply would be something like given below




The small electronic circuits cannot handle high voltage current.

So a transformer is used to reduce the AC input and will give the required AC voltage value at output

Now to convert an AC signal to DC signal A rectifier is used. The output from the rectifier is not a pure DC output. In fact, it contains a lot of ripples and it is highly not smooth.

To make the DC output smooth and remove the AC content of the rectifier a filter circuit is used. This filter is either LC (inductor-capacitor) filter, RC (resistive – capacitive) filter. The choice of the filter depends on the designer of the circuit and to the type of power supply.

The output now becomes a full DC with constant signal but still it is unregulated voltage. Meaning that a designer is receiving a higher than required voltage. So, to get a variable (5-30V) or constant output of 5,12,24 V a voltage regulator is used.

This power supply provides the variable or constant voltage output at constant current or it is independent of current output.

But if the output voltage and current is kept constant. Then it will become a charger

  • if current is set 3.4A and the output voltage is set to 19.5V then it will become a general Dell laptop charger.  

 

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